Spindle speed controlling device for ring spinning and twisting machines

ABSTRACT

Spindle speed controlling device characterized in that voltages generated at the soft start circuit, the base speed change set circuit to give programmed changes to spindle speed, the speed feedback circuit which maintains the spindle speed at each stage and the chase speed change circuit to give the desired speed changes between the length of chase in synchronization with rising and falling of the ring rails, are combined together. This combined voltage is put as the instructing signal in the revolution controlling part lying between the power source and the electric motor so as to effect the program control of spindle speeds and the speed control which synchronizes with rising and falling of the ring rail at the same time on the ring spinning machine and twisting machine.

United States Patent Kanai et al.

[54] SPINDLE SPEED CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR RING SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINES [72] inventors: Hiroyuki Kanai, No. 67, Matsunouchi-cho, Ashiya, Hyogo Prefecture. Japan; Tuneo Kojlma, No. 288, Makiochi, Minoo, Osaka Prefecture, Japan 221 Filed: Aug. 7, 1969 [21] Appl. No.: 848,296

[52] US. Cl. ..57/93, 57/95, 57/98 [51] Int. Cl. ..D0lli 1/26 [58] Field of Search ..57/93, 95, 98, 92, 99

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,015,203 1/1962 Heiberg ..57/93 3,130,930 4/1964 Miller ..57/98 X 3,397,529 8/1968 Wolf ..S7/98 Durler et al ..57/98 X Taylor et al ..57/95 X Primary Examiner-John Petrakes Attorney-Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack 5 7] ABSTRACT Spindle speed controlling device characterized in that voltages generated at the sofl start circuit, the base speed change set circuit to give programmed changes to spindle speed, the speed feedback circuit which maintains the spindle speed at each stage and the chase speed change circuit to give the desired speed changes between the length of chase in synchronization with rising and falling of the ring rails, are combined together. This combined voltage is put as the instructing signal in the revolution controlling part lying between the power source and the electric motor so as to effect the program control of spindle speeds and the speed control which synchronizes with rising and falling of the ring rail at the same time on the ring spinning machine and twisting machine.

9 Claims, 33 Drawing Figures PATENTEDSEPZB 1912 3,6 93; 340

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l i VOLTAGE HIROYUKI KANAI TUNEO KOJIMA INVENTOIG ATTORNEYS PAIENTEDSEPZE m2 3593340 SHEET UZUF 12 FIGA % v w vAR- R GE 5% E0 RAINGE A? l 2 X a 0:9 ES q i WU m INVENTORS VARlABl TIME (AMOUNT HIROYUKI KANAI I' TUNEO KOJIMA FIG-5 BY %M 914% ATTORNEYS PATENTED E \912 3,693. 340

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1 m I 9 IS TO I mvmswor- I GATE f FIG 4 l &2 l W52 F1690. h h We 1 L 202 s s FROM MY m FlCaQb 1 TIME HIROYUKIKANN TUNEO KOJIMA INVENT O 5 HIROYUKI KANAI TUNEO KOJ IMA BY Ma 524%, fldu m ATTORNEYS PKTENIED W25 W72 SHEET 070F 12 INVENTOIB HIROYU Kl KANAI TUNEO KOJIMA PMENTEB EPHB 1912 3,693; 340

SHEET 08F 12 Posmow 0F CHASE (UPPER) SPINDLE R N3 RAIL LIFTNG AND LOWERING MECHANISM INVENTOFLS HIROYUKI KANAI TUNEO KOJIMA ATTORNEYS PATENTEBSEPZEIQT? 3,6 93.340

SHEEI 110? 12 S-PHASE TRANSFORMER F8623 INVENTOIB HIROYUKI KANAI TUNEO KOJIMA ATTORNEYS miminserzsm 3,693,340 SHEEI 120F 12 INVENTORS HIROYUKI KANAI TUNEO KOJIMA BY 45m ATTORNEYS SPINDLE SPEED CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR RING SPINNING AND TWIS'IING MACHINES This invention relates to the device which controls properly the speed (r.p.m.) of spindles on ring spinning and twisting machines. It is a general tendency on ring spinning and twisting machines that end breakage occurs especially at the first and last stages of winding (package build). This tendency is because at the first stage of winding, ballooning stretch becomes larger with the result of higher tension on ballooning, and at the last stage of winding ballooning stretch becomes shorter with the result that the effective zone of absorbing unlevel tension caused by unstable running of the traveller becomes shorter and end breakage occurs easily when a sudden and large change in tension occurs. Such defects could be prevented by increasing gradually and decreasing gradually the spindle speed at the first and last stages of winding, respectively.

In addition to the above, the winding angle in cop building motion, for example, will also have bearings on end breakage. More particularly, while at the upper part of the chase the spindle speed should be decreased because the winding angle is smaller and the spinning tension becomes higher, at the lower part of the chase the spindle speed should be increased because the winding angle is larger and the spinning tension becomes lower.

As mentioned above, for reducing the end breakage effectively, it is necessary to effect the spindle speed change between stages of winding (package build) and also between the length of the chase during rising and falling of the ring rail.

An object of the present invention is to provide a controlling device whereby the spindle speed is changed according to programmed change between stages of winding (package build) and also between the length of the chase by means of the specified electric circuits.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a controlling device utilizing electric circuits, which makes it possible for the driving motor of a ring spinning machine, whether in the case of DC or in the case of AC, to attain the above-mentioned objects.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a controlling device utilizing common electric circuits, which makes it possible for a plurality of ring spinning machine to attain the foregoing objects.

The nature and advantages of the present invention will be shown more clearly from the following descriptions made in reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a comprehensive block diagram,

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram of soft start,

FIGS. 3a-3c illustrate the principle of the action of the soft start,

FIG. 4 is a set circuit diagram,

FIG. 5 is a variable diagram of the armature voltage,

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram for moving variable resistance,

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram for the magnetic amplification,

FIGS. 8a-8d illustrate the principle of the action of the magnetic amplifier,

FIGS. 9a and 9!: illustrate the output waveform of thyristor (S.C.R.) power conversion part,

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of the transistor non-contact relay,

FIG. 1 I is a circuit diagram of the auxiliary relay,

FIGS. 12a and 12b are diagrams showing the variable speed waveform between the length of chase,

FIGS. 13a and 13b are diagrams showing the wavelike variable speed between the length of chase,

FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of the waveform variable speed instruction,

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the mechanism of the waveform variable speed instruction,

FIGS. 16a and 16b are diagrams showing speed curves,

FIG. I7 is a variable spindle speed diagram between stages of winding (package build) and between the length of chase,

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the mechanism of switchover in a plurality of ring spinning machines,

FIG. 19 is a speed diagram,

FIG. 20 is a circuit diagram for speed control of the servomotor,

FIG. 21 to FIG. 24 show respectively an embodiment wherein AC power source is used, in which FIG. 21 being a block diagram, FIG. 22 being a diagram show ing the principle of the power source conversion, FIG. 23 being a circuit diagram for thyristor ring counter and FIG. 24 being a circuit diagram for three-phase ring counter and pulse signalling.

The present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment wherein a DC motor is used. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment using a DC motor. The variable speed control of the motor is effected by adjusting the armature voltage of the DC motor (driven by AC power source through thyristor current) by signal phase of thyristor gate. The gate signal phase of the above thyristor is generated by a magnetic amplifier and a pulse transformer, and phase angles of the gate signal are adjusted by adjusting the output signal of the set circuit part of the program.

The controlling circuit is provided with a soft start circuit which starts the electric motor slowly and a resistance driving part based on the signal of the soft start completion detecting circuit. It adjusts the output voltage by the variable speed circuit between the length of the chase which changes the armature voltage by a signal according to the rise and fall of the ring rail. It also adjusts the output voltage of the tacho-dynamo generator which works in linkage with the DC motor for stabilizing the spindle speed.

Explanations will be made below on each circuit in reference to drawings. In FIG. I, numeral 1 denotes a push-button switch for connecting the circuit to power source 5,, numeral 2 an electromagnetic contactor, numeral 3 a DC motor, numeral 4 a soft start circuit, numeral 5 a resistance driving part, numeral 6 a set circuit part, numeral '7 a variable speed part between the length of chase, numeral 8 a soft start completion detector, numeral 9 adjusting resistance, numeral 10 a magnetic amplifier and numeral 11 a pulse transformer.

In FIG. I, if the push-button switch I is pushed, voltage is irnpressed on the field winding of the DC motor 3, through controlling and rectifying circuits I2 and 13, by means of the electromagnetic contactor 2. At this time, the soft start circuit 4 commences its action to start the DC motor 3 slowly. This is intended for starting the running of the traveler smoothly, thereby preventing end breakage caused by a sudden start of the spindle revolution, which corresponds to Z in FIG. 17. The time of soft start should preferably be for -l0 seconds. FIG. 2 is a soft start circuit diagram. First, AC voltage E, is impressed on a rectifier and DC voltage E, is generated. A condenser 29 is charged with E, through resistance 28. As indicated by FIGS. 3a-3c, charging voltage E, in FIG. 3a is charged gradually during the time (5-l0 seconds) which is determined by the product of the capacity of the condenser 29 and the resistance value of resistance 28, and increases negatively. While E, increases gradually in the minus direction, the base emitter voltage VBE of a transistor increases in the minus direction and is finally saturated. Voltage E thus saturated is determined by Where R27 resistance value of resistance 27 R28 resistance value of resistance 28 In the course of E increasing gradually in the minus direction, resistance between the collector and the emitter of the transistor 30 reduces gradually and charging current to a condenser 31 increases gradually. Therefore, in each thyristor, V, shows a fairly slow charging speed at the initial stage 20 as indicated by a in FIG. 3b, and with the increase in VBE, it becomes as shown by b in FIG. 3b at the stage of Zb, as shown by c in FIG. 3b at the stage of Zc, and as shown by din FIG. 3b at the stage of ZD (saturation). Thus, the secondary voltage of rectifier circuits (34, 34a) is made constant by the constant voltage diode 37 before the completion of the soft start (between Zc and ZD) and the soft start circuit output voltage is adjusted by variable resistance 38 in FIG. 4 and thereafter the contact segment of variable resistance 39 is moved from point q toward point p. With the movement of the contact segment of 39 from point q toward point p, E6 increases gradually and when the contact segment reached point p, E6 becomes equal to ESa. Therefore, armature voltage increases to Ea, the maximum voltage determined by the value of 38. Thus, armature voltage increases with the movement of 39 and at the same time, the spindle speed increases.

ESa is determined by variable resistance 38. As explained hereinbefore, this B is a supply voltage to 41, 41a, and 39, and it becomes a set voltage for the maximum speed of the electric motor. It is so designed that in this 38, ESa E6 E612. Suppose E6 is a set voltage corresponding to inducing the rated voltage of the electric motor, E50 can be set to 50 percent of E6. FIG. 5 illustrates such setting. As is obvious from FIG. 5, armature voltage (speed of the electric motor) can be set to Ea Ea/Z by variable resistance 38 and further in 41 and 41a, Es can be set to 50 percent of the set value of 38. This Es corresponds to E6 (output voltage of a set circuit part at the soft start completion point) and is determined by the position of the contact segment of resistance 38, 41, and 41a.

In FIG. 5, the time from the soft start completion point A (point at which Rs and Z1 intersect in FIG. 17 to B maximum point (point at which R and Z2 intersect in FIG. 17) is to be determined by the speed at which the contact segment of variable resistance 39 moves. This 39 is connected with a DC servomotor 44 through the medium of a reduction gear 45. The time can be set by supply voltage of this DC servomotor.

Illustrated in FIG. 6 is a circuit for moving the contact segment of variable resistance 39. At the soft start completion point A, an auxiliary relay 49 closes and DC voltage is impressed on the DC servomotor 44 through a slide transformer 47 and a rectifier 46, which moves the contact segment of variable resistance 39, through the reduction gear 45, from point q to point p as shown in FIG. 4. As this 39 is provided with a mechanical stopper, when the contact segment reaches point p, a limit switch 50-!) is opened and breaks DC power source to the DC servomotor 44, at the same time opening the auxiliary relay 49. Supply voltage to the DC servomotor varies with the position of the contact segment of the slide transformer 47 and with the change in the revolution speed of the servomotor, the speed at which the contact segment of variable resistance 39 varies. Therefore, by effecting the setting of 47, the time to reach point B in FIG. 5 (point at which R and Z2 intersect in FIG. 17) is determined.

If the spindle speed change during the stages of winding has been completed at point B, the DC electric motor will continue to revolve while maintaining the voltage set by variable resistance 38. The time of maintaining this revolution is determined by either a time limit relay or a winding counter (hankmeter), for example, in the case of a time limit relay, it is determined by the time unit and in the case of a winding counter, it is so designed that an instruction is issued at the same time as the pre-set number of revolutions of the spindle has been reached.

In FIG. 4, output voltage E7 of 20 is kept constant in relation to the set value by comparing the output of variable resistance 39 with the output (E7) of the tachodynamo generator 20. This means that control at the fixed speed is effected. That which effects control at the fixed speed is an object fitted to the tachodynamo generator 20 and in this case, a driving shaft of a spinning machine will be such object.

The foregoing explains the stage ranging from connecting the power source, actuation of the soft start circuit, setting of the output voltage of the soft start circuit to the desired target value by variable resistance 38, 39, 41, and 41a in the set circuit part, impressing it on the fixed resistance 42, comparing the voltage E6 with the output voltage E7 of the tach-dynamo generator 20 and putting the error between the two into the next amplification circuit.

In FIG. 5, the fixed circuit (R in FIG. 17), after given a cenain time range or integrated wound amount, reaches point C (point at which R and Z2 Z3 intersect in FIG. 17) and at this time, an auxiliary relay 48 in FIG. 6 is actuated by the instruction from the time limit relaying degree or a winding counter circuit. By the action of this auxiliary relay 48, the DC servomotor 44 is impressed with DC voltage of reverse polarity. Therefore, the servomotor 44 revolves in the reverse direction and the variable resistance moves the contact segment to the reverse direction or from point p toward point q in FIG. 4 and accordingly E6 decreases. Thus, E6 which is a set signal begins to decrease and therefore the DC motor begins to slow down and when the contact segment reached point q, the limit switch 50-4) opens and DC voltage of reverse polarity to the servomotor 44 is broken, whereupon power source E0 is broken, and the electric motor stops automatically.

As already explained, the signal of the set circuit in FIG. 4 has the soft start signal E5 programmed by variable resistance 38, 39, 41, and 41a, and such programmed signal is made the signal of the next amplification circuit. Various systems are available for amplifiers, for example, vacuum-tube amplification, transistor amplification, magnetic amplification, etc. but any of them will produce a similar result. A description will be made about an embodiment which employs iron-core coiling as indicated by FIG. 7. This system consists of loading winding (L1, L2), signal winding (S1, S2) and feedback winding (F1, F2). While L1 and L2 are in normal series connection, S1 and S2 and F1 and F2 are in reverse series connection. The load winding L1 and L2 are connected with a secondary coil of a power transformer 14 and a pulse transformer 15. The secondary side of the pulse transformer is connected with a gate of thyristor (S.C.R.) for power control. Induced voltage ea of the power transformer secondary coil, if both iron-cores are characteristically balanced, is divided into two and ea] as ea/2 is impressed on winding L1 and ea2 ea eal z ea/Z is impressed on winding L2, in almost balanced state. As to the half-cycle of ea, magnetic flux Ll, L2 are generated at iron-cores Cl and C2 by cal and ea2. 0n the other hand, magnetic flux Lla, L2a generated for half-cycle. Here, if signal i0 from the set circuit in FIG. 4 is added to the signal winding S1 in polarity, magnetic flux Sl and S2 generated at both ironcores Cl and C2, i.e., Ll d Sl at the iron core Cl and L2 (#52 at the iron-core C2. Winding voltage at this time becomes smaller as the reactance of L1 becomes smaller and accordingly eal becomes small (cut ea2). If the state of feedback winding is considered on the basis of the state of the half-cycle where eal ea2, eFl and eF2 will be as follows:

(NLl NLZ No. ofwinding ofLl, L2)

(NFl, NF2 No. ofwinding ofFl, F2)

Electric current iF will flow, by the quantity of the potential difference, through a rectifier 202, and becomes the same polarity as ringing current, similarly to the signal winding current i0, and its control amperetum becomes (NSl X i0 NF X iF) and thus amplified to a larger degree.

NSl No. of winding of S1 NF: NF] X NF2 Similarly, in the next half-cycle iF flows (in an] :02, eFl eF2) and control ampere-turn becomes (N81 X i0 NF X iF). Thus, by means of control current to amplification action generates on the magnetic amplifier. Output waveform at this time is not a sine wave but is a waveform showing variations of phase angle (due partly to magnetic delay action). Referring to FIGS. 8a8d, FIG. 8a and FIG. 8b show respectively the magnetic flux change of both cores C l and C2.

In the iron-core Cl, for example, in cases where the signal is iol, magnetic flux increases gradually from $0 to a between :1. At this time, the phase angle of electric current flowing in the load winding is at. In the iron-core 2, the maximum is o between t]. In the case of the reverse half-cycle, the magnetic flux of iron-core C2 increases gradually from o to dab, when the phase angle of electric current flowing in the load winding is ir. At this time, the voltage waveform on the primary side of the pulse transformer of the load circuit will be as shown in FIG. 8c. Then, in cases where the signal increased to 1'02, magnetic flux increases from do to dial between :2 in the iron-core CI, but in the iron-core C2 magnetic flux increases from $2 to bl between 12. As is obvious from FIGS. Biz-8d, dial and (MI are larger than do and ob respectively and increase in a short time. The phase angle of electric current at this time is 02. Thus, it can be seen that the primary side voltage waveform of the pulse transformer 15 has increased in phase angle by 1'02 more than in the case of iol. In this way, in the case of magnetic amplifier, its mechanism can be simplified through amplification action by means of minute ringing current i0 and also through the so-called "magnetic trigger circuit system" or the device whereby output waveform is phase-controlled. In cases where a thyristor (S.C.R.) of large size is driven, in order to decrease gradually its switching power, it is so designed that the secondary waveform of this magnetic amplifier be changed into pulse shape of steeper rectangular waveform, through the waveform correcting circuit, for impressing on the thyristor (S.C.R.) gate pole.

As substitutes for the thyristor, there are available the gate turn off thyristor, bilateral AC control element and others. The foregoing embodiment employs a thyristor as an example. As the pulse current is made synchronized with the phase of voltage between the anode and the cathode (the magnetic amplifier output is the same in phase as the thyristor power source) and the phase of gate signal changes within the range of 0-l80, the thyristor output can be adjusted variably. Thus, in the phase angle 61 or 02 of the secondary voltage waveforrn of the magnetic amplifier 2, the thyristor is ignited in a very short time.

The output waveform of the ignited thyristor is shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b in which FIG. 9a shows the waveform in the case of resistance load and FIG. 9b shows the waveform in the case of motor load under the device of the present invention. The DC motor is a reverse voltage load and the hatching part in FIG. 9b is reverse voltage generated by the DC motor in the OFF area of the thyristor. The firing angle 6 varies with the size of the magnetic amplifier signal and the output voltage of thyristor commutation circuit, i.e., DC motor armature voltage Ea, varies by this 0. This 0 is so adjusted that it can keep constant the difference between E7 which is fed back from the tacho-dynamo generator 20 and the output voltage E6 of the set circuit part.

The soft start completion signal is effected by means of a transistor type non-contact relay circuit. Referring back to FIG. I, the soft start circuit is impressed with voltage at the same time as the push-button switch 1 is made 0N. At the time of T4, the soft start is completed and therefore the fact that voltage has been reached can be detected by this circuit. Various methods are available for constructing the non-contact relay for such purposes and FIG. 10 shows an example of them. In this circuit, if the signal to terminals of d1, d2 (in FIG. 2, it is taken from output voltage E4 of commutating circuits 34, 34a, 35, 35a) is within the time T4, i.e., within the time when E4 is small, transistor 61 is OFF, 62 is ON and 63 is OFF. The reason why 62 is ON at this time, is that since 61 is OFF, base voltage of 62 should be (E10 X E69)/(R69 R68 R67) Ep (where R69, R68 and E67 represent respectively the resistance values of resistances 69, 68, and 67). Then, voltage E4 from the soft start circuit increases gradually and when the base voltage of transistor 61 reaches (E4 X R66)/(R78 R66) E9 (where R66 and R78 represent respectively the resistance values of resistances 66 and 78), 61 draws near ON, whereupon the voltage between the resistance 68 and the resistance 69 decreases and the foregoing relationship will become (E10 X R69)(R69 R68 R67) E9 0 and 62 will become OFF, whereupon the relationship (E10 X R72)/(R72 R71 R70) E90 0 is obtained and transistor 63 will shift from OFF to ON. When this transistor 63 becomes ON, auxiliary relay 44 is actuated and then another auxiliary relay 49 is actuated. In order to supply the power source to the servomotor for driving variable resistance 39 in FIG. 6, the contact segment of the variable resistance 39 is made to move slowly from point q to point p in FIG. 4 and therefore E6 increases, whereby DC motor armature voltage Ea in FIG. 5 will increase from point A to point B.

FIG. 11 shows an auxiliary relay circuit. This auxiliary relaying system overlaps the foregoing explanation but will be described in sequence. Firstly, the push-button switch 19 is pushed, whereupon the relay 18 is actuated and each part is impressed with voltage. At the time when the soft start was completed, the relay 49 is actuated, the DC servomotor turns and when the upper limit is reached (47 is fixed to the upper limit point of resistance 39), 49 is made OFF by the action of 47-h. At this time, the timer 80 (this may be replaced by a winding counter) begins to work. Within the set time, the DC motor turns at a constant speed (R.P.M. determined by resistance 38) and when the set time (or set winding amount) is reached, the relay 48 is actuated. By this action of the relay, the servomotor for variable resistance 39 beings to turn in the reverse direction and also begins to reduce the speed of the electric motor. When the lower limit is reached (48 is fixed to the mechanical lower limit point of resistance 39), 82 is actuated by the action of 48-0 and at the same time, winding process on a spinning machine is completed and power source is broken. Next, an explanation will be made about the speed change between the length of chase. The simplest method available is a two-stage speed change system employing the switch action by means of a limit switch, the principle of which is shown in FIGS. 12a and 12b. FIG. 12a shows lifting and lowering of the ring rail. When the ring rail is positioned around the upper limit and the winding angle is small, yarn tension becomes higher and therefore the spindle speed or the speed of DC motor is made to lower so as reduce the yarn tension by degrees. On the other hand, when the ring rail is positioned around the lower limit and the winding angle is large, the spindle speed is made to increase so as to raise the yarn tension. A rotator which synchronizes with lifting and lowering of the ring rail is fitted with a heart cam, with which a limit switch is made to work cooperatively to obtain the point of speed change. FIG. 12b shows a two-stage speed change instruction by means of a relay switch for speed change between the length of chase. This figure illustrates the case where instructions of speed increase and speed reduction were given at the middle point of the ring rail lifting and lowering process. Referring to the instructions by this limit switch, if resistance is put in the E6 side of the set circuit part in the form of ON or OFF in FIG. 4, E6 is the instruction for lifting and the value of E6 does not change. On the contrary, the instruction for lowering decreases the voltage of E6. As this resistance is of the variable type, the desired speed change range between the length of the chase can be obtained. However, it is experimentally admitted that in such speed change between the length of the chase, due to a sudden increase or decrease of the spindle speed, running condition of travellers is disturbed immediately after the speed increase or decrease, with the result of yarn breakage. In the light of this, description will be made of a waveform speed change system between the length of the chase as shown by FIGS. 13a and 13b. FIG. 14 shows the waveform speed change circuit diagram and FIG. 15 is a diagram of the waveform speed change instructing mechanism. In general, a so-called "ring counter" may be used. As an embodiment, in the waveform speed change instructing circuit using a uni-junction ring counter (FIG. 14), at the time of connecting power source neither of unijunction transistors is ON. Then, if a voltage higher than the base and base voltage VBB is impressed upon the emitter of uni-junction transistor 101, this 101 becomes ON. So long as 101 is ON, transistor 1010 is kept ON. Therefore, output is generated at the side of the collector resistance of transistor 101a and at side of diode 501. This condition will keep the unijunction transistor ON, even if the pulse of the pulse trigger circuit is extinguished and the trigger pulse ceases. While the condition of ON is maintained by the uni-junction transistor 101, if the condenser 402 is kept ON, it is to be charged with This condition will discharge a pulse when the ring rail reached the highest point in speed change between the length of the chase. This pulse will actuate the uni-junction transistor 101 and will become the pulse which gives synchronism (relation between the pulse and the ring counter). Next, if a trigger pulse enters between base emitters of the transistor in the polarity of VBE 0, as the transistor 100 is always kept ON by resistance 40], it will become OFF by this pulse. At this time, resistance between the collector and the emitter of the transistor 100 becomes high and the collector voltage E1 of transistor 100 is kept at zero volt" so long as the pulse is impressed. When it is at "zero volt," each uni-junction transistor becomes OFF. At this time, an electric charge under which only the condenser 402 was charged remains undischarged, even if the pulse was extinguished, because of the reverse polarity of the diode 302. If the above-mentioned trigger pulse is impressed on the transistor 100 and then is extinguished, the charge of the condenser 402 becomes electric charge VBE 5 402. Therefore, charging voltage of the condenser 402 increases to about twofold of transistor collector voltage Ell. This means that while the unijunction transistor I01 (hereinafter referred to as UJT is ON, 402 is charged up to E11 and then Ell is added thereto. Therefore, the emitter current of UJT 102 is doubled and becomes ON, in other words, UJT 102 is made ON by the condenser 402. Then, if a pulse comes, transistor 100 becomes OFF again and therefore, charging voltage of the condenser 403 remains as it is and when the pulsing ends, 100 becomes ON, whereupon the voltage of 403 becomes 2 X charging voltage and UJT 103 becomes ON. Thus, action of UJT will shift in regular sequence by the pulse coming in regular sequence. Therefore, when the 23rd pulse comes, the circuit returns to its original state and by the 24th pulse and 25th pulse, UJT 101 and UJT 102 become ON and this is repeated in regular sequence. If UJT 101 becomes ON and transistor 101a becomes ON, voltage of resistance 310 is taken out to both ends of variable resistance 109 through the diode 501. As resistance 310, 311, 312 and resistance distribution are made to vary in multi-step state, voltage waveform at both ends of the variable resistance 109 will be as shown in FIGS. 16a and 16b.

FIG. shows an example of the speed change instructing mechanism for the device of instructing the speed change between the length of the chase. As can be seen from FIG. 15, a speed change instructing plate 55 is fitted to a heart cam shaft 54. About 100-200 holes 59 are made in this plate 55 at its outer periphery and the required number of pins are put in these holes. As already mentioned, a pulse is supplied to UJT 101 so as to synchronize the action of uni-junction transistor ring counter with the position of heart cam 53. When a pin 58 for instructing the spindle speed maximum point is actuated together with a limit switch 56, UJT 101 in FIG. 14 works and the maximum speed point is obtained by the output of transistor 1010. Therefore, if 56 and 58 work together, E12 becomes the lowest or E6-E12 becomes the highest and gives the highest speed of DC motor. The cam shaft 54 is driven by the cam shaft driving source through a bevel gear 42 and accordingly the instructing plate 55 also revolves. With the rotation of the instructing plate 55, when a limit switch 57 for instructing the waveform speed change works by No. l of the waveform speed change instructing pins 59, the transistor 100 works, UJT 102 becomes ON and E12 changes slightly. With further rotation of the plate 55, No.2, No.3, No.4 work, during which the spindle speed is decreasing gradually, and at No. 13 the spindle speed increases. At No. 24, when the ring counter output is the smallest, the maximum speed is obtained.

Under the present invention, it is possible to control a plurality of spinning machines under one and the same program, with the desired time lag. FIG. 18 shows an embodiment of the switchover mechanism to be used for this purpose. In FIG. 18, numeral 601 denotes a servomotor and numeral 602 is a reduction gear. A sprocket wheel 603 is driven by both the servomotor 601 and the reduction gear 602. Adjoining sprocket wheels 603a, 603b, are driven at the same time by a transmission chain 604 connected with the sprocket wheel 603. Numeral 605 denotes a transmitter provided on the same axis as the sprocket wheel 603. Numerals 606 and 607 are substances to be driven by the transmitter 605. The transmitter 605 is to be moved axially and such movement is efi'ected by transmitting the action of a solenoid 608 (in the arrow direction) provided separately to 605 through 609 (ring, lever, etc.). For example, if 608 is worked upwardly, revolution is transmitted to 607, whereupon resistance 610 for base speed change instructions (corresponds to 39 in FIG. 4) turns rightwardy by 610a and 610k. If 608 is worked downwardly, revolution is transmitted to 606, whereupon resistance 610 for base speed change instructions turns leftward by 610a and 610b. Thus, the action of a kind of electro-magnetic clutch is effected by 608, 609, 605,606 and 607, more particularly, resistance 610 for base speed change instructions is changed in its revolutional direction by switching the action of 608, thereby working selectively the increase side and decrease side of the program in FIG. 19. In FIG. 20, VR13 represents the time for soft start, VR14 represents a set resistance for soft start completion point and VRIS represents a set resistance for reaching the maximum point. The time T1 (from soft start point A to the maximum speed B in FIG. 19) of the resistance for speed change setting H1 is determined by the speed of servomotor. However, since it causes the speed difference to drive each spinning machine by a respective servomotor, the set resistance must be worked by one and the same servomotor. As VR13, VR14 and VRlS mentioned before are common to H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5 (the set resistance of each spinning machine), if Hl-HS are 0, each action point will be the same. In FIG. 19, the speed Va at time A and the speed Vb at time B are determined by VR14 and VRlS in Flg. 20. Therefore, each spinning machine will have the same speed program. The time for increase Tl should always be the same because I-Il H5 are worked by one and the same servomotor.

By the above method it is possible to control the spindle mechanisms of a plurality of machines under one and the same program, with the fixed time lag and without any error. The foregoing embodiments employ the action of DC motors, but it is possible to utilize an AC power source without rectifying it. FIGS. 21-24 show respectively an embodiment utilizing induction motors and an AC power source.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram, in which the soft start circuit first begins to work. Then, at the completion of the soft start, output voltage of the set circuit part is program-changed by the resistance driving part, to which voltage is added a voltage from the speed change instructing part. The voltage thus obtained is converted in frequency through the pulse interval adjusting circuit, the three-phase ring counter circuit and the thyristor ring counter circuit for supply to the induction motor.

In FIG. 22, f0 is the frequency of the power source and U-V-W are its phases. When the phase of a threephase power source is switched at frequency f, it is switched in such a way that it is delayed by each 3611 for 1]! second (the phase period of output terminals R, S. T). In this way, if the output voltage is changed three times, it returns to its original phase. In other words, it rotates at the frequency of 173 in the direction contrary to the phase rotation of the power source. Suppose the output frequency is F, F ([13) f. This principle will be explained below with reference to the action of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 23 shows a thyristor ring counter to be used for the embodiment. CR1, CR2 and CR3 are three-phase full wave rectifying circuits. Frequency conversion is effected by making a rectified direct current ON and OFF by the thyristor. In order to switch the phase, the

ON condition of the thyristor is shifted and as a result, variable frequency can be obtained at the output side. In order to vary the output voltage, the time during which the thyristor is UN is changed. Thus, the power source whose frequency has been changed is supplied to the induction motor (lM FIG. 24 shows an example of the three-phase ring counter and the pulse interval adjusting circuit. In order to trigger the thyristor, the three-stage UJ'I ring counter circuit is used. Standard pulse is obtained by the UJT oscillator. The ring counter frequency varies with the oscillation frequency (pulse interval), which is adjusted by adjusting the voltage between the emitter and the collector of transistor Tr3. Base signal to this TR3 is given through the differential amplification circuit consisting of TR] and TRZ. Voltage between the bases of TR] and TR2 is given from the set circuit part and the speed change instructing part. As most of the ring spinning machines are driven by induction motors, it is most economical and practicable to use existing induction motors. Moreover, as compared with DC motors which use armatures, induction motors use no commutators and therefore can stand longer use.

Under the present invention, driving of the spindles can be controlled automatically and freely, with the result that ideal spindle revolution is ensured from the start of winding to full bobbins.

Having thus described the nature of our invention, what we claim is:

1. A device for controlling the speed of rotation of the spindle connected to the ring rail of a ring spinning and twisting machine comprising a motor operatively connected to drive said spindle and adapted to be connected to a source of power; a slow start circuit connected to said source and adapted to slowly start said motor; a base speed change circuit, a speed feedback circuit and a chase speed change circuit operatively connected between said source and said motor, whereby voltages from said slow start circuit, said base speed change circuit, said speed feedback circuit and said chase speed change circuit are combined; a revolution control device connected between said source and said motor, said combined voltages being supplied to said revolution control device to control the speed of said spindle in synchronization with the rise and fall of said ring rail.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said revolution control device comprises a thyristor rectifying circuit, and further comprising a magnetic trigger circuit connected to receive a signal from said speed feedback circuit and produce a pulse, and supply said pulse to said thyristor rectifying circuit.

3. A device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a variable potentiometer connected to said base speed change circuit to receive a pulse therefrom, and a servo-motor operatively connected through gearing to the contact of said potentiometer to move said contact at a fixed speed.

4. A device as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a disk having on its outer periphery a predetermined number of holes or pins, a heart-shaped cam synchronized with said rise and fall of said ring rail connected to said disk by a shaft, and means to produce instruction signals in response to movement of said holes or pins, said means being connected to supply said iniffiileil' iifiia flilfiffiififii u'iififls nsin a tacho-dynamo generator connected to said motor and to one end of said spindle.

6. A device as claimed in claim 5, further comprising means to convert a signal from said speed feedback circuit from an A.C. waveform into a saw-tooth waveform, and a pulse shaping circuit connected to convey said saw-tooth waveform to said magnetic trigger circuit.

7. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said motor comprises a DC. motor and said thyristor rectifying circuit comprises a full-wave rectifying type mixed bridge connected between said source and said DC. motor.

8. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said motor comprises a three-phase induction motor, and further comprising a pulse number regulating circuit connected to adjust the frequency of the signal from said speed feedback circuit in proportion to its signal voltage, a three-phase frequency dividing circuit connected to convert said signal into a three-phase pulse, and a pulse recurrence interval circuit connected to adjust the supply voltage.

9. A device as claimed in claim 8, wherein said pulse number regulating circuit includes a uni-junction transistor.

=8 i t l PC4050 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3 I 69 3 l 340 Dated September 26 1972 KANAI, Hiroyuki and KOJIMA, Tuneo Inventor(s) It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that: said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

After line 10 of the Patent heading, insert Foreign Application Priority Data August 8, 1968 Japan .56512/43 November 14 1968 Japan 8345 8/43 December 4 1968 Japan 89215/43 y 1969 Japan ..53351/44 y 1969 Japan .53352/44 On each sheet of the drawings, show the Patent No.

Signed and sealed this 3rd day of April 1973 (SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR. ROBERT GOTTSCHALK Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

1. A device for controlling the speed of rotation of the spindle connected to the ring rail of a ring spinning and twisting machine comprising a motor operatively connected to drive said spindle and adapted to be connected to a source of power; a slow start circuit connected to said source and adapted to slowly start said motor; a base speed change circuit, a speed feedback circuit and a chase speed change circuit operatively connected between said source and said motor, whereby voltages from said slow start circuit, said base speed change circuit, said speed feedback circuit and said chase speed change circuit are combined; a revolution control device connected between said source and said motor, said combined voltages being supplied to said revolution control device to control the speed of said spindle in synchronization with the rise and fall of said ring rail.
 2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said revolution control device comprises a thyristor rectifying circuit, and further comprising a magnetic trigger circuit connected to receive a signal from said speed feedback circuit and produce a pulse, and supply said pulse to said thyristor rectiFying circuit.
 3. A device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a variable potentiometer connected to said base speed change circuit to receive a pulse therefrom, and a servo-motor operatively connected through gearing to the contact of said potentiometer to move said contact at a fixed speed.
 4. A device as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a disk having on its outer periphery a predetermined number of holes or pins, a heart-shaped cam synchronized with said rise and fall of said ring rail connected to said disk by a shaft, and means to produce instruction signals in response to movement of said holes or pins, said means being connected to supply said instruction signals to said magnetic trigger circuit.
 5. A device as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a tacho-dynamo generator connected to said motor and to one end of said spindle.
 6. A device as claimed in claim 5, further comprising means to convert a signal from said speed feedback circuit from an A.C. waveform into a saw-tooth waveform, and a pulse shaping circuit connected to convey said saw-tooth waveform to said magnetic trigger circuit.
 7. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said motor comprises a D.C. motor and said thyristor rectifying circuit comprises a full-wave rectifying type mixed bridge connected between said source and said D.C. motor.
 8. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said motor comprises a three-phase induction motor, and further comprising a pulse number regulating circuit connected to adjust the frequency of the signal from said speed feedback circuit in proportion to its signal voltage, a three-phase frequency dividing circuit connected to convert said signal into a three-phase pulse, and a pulse recurrence interval circuit connected to adjust the supply voltage.
 9. A device as claimed in claim 8, wherein said pulse number regulating circuit includes a uni-junction transistor. 